"Eyewitness" They Lied(2016)
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I heard on the radio that there was a stealing in progress from the Ferguson Market on West Florissant. I heard a brief description of a black male with a black t-shirt. As I was driving out down Canfield westbound I observed two black males walking in the center of the roadway on the center yellow line ... I remember seeing two cars I believe go around them and they hadn't moved ... I told 'em, "Hey guys, why don't you walk on the sidewalk." The first one said, "we're almost to our destination" and pointed this direction. I said, "okay, but what's wrong with the sidewalk?" And that was as they were passing my window. The second subject said, "Fuck what you have to say." After that I put the vehicle in reverse, backed up about ten feet to 'em, and attempted to open my door. Prior to backing up I did a call out on the radio ...
It looked like he attempted to run, but he ain't get anything but like ten, twelve steps before he stopped and turned around. That's when I heard all the gunshots. And the officer was standing there with his gun pointed at him ... it wasn't really a run because he didn't get far. Well, after he stopped, he turned around, and he put his hands about shoulder length. It wasn't in the air... you know when somebody's scared, like they're backing away from something like "whoa." [I say he was scared because] he was a big dude, and he was kinda hunched forward like he was in, with his hands up, like he was in a give up, you know, "I'm givin' up" stage ... I couldn't see facial expressions ... [Officer Wilson] wasn't firing any shots as he was running away.
At 10:30 p.m., about 20 hours after the murder, Walker changed his story yet again. He claimed that he had seen the shooter. And, he told detectives, it was Mallet. The detectives suddenly relaxed and got friendlier, Walker said in his affidavit. He signed a statement pinning the crime on Mallet, and they let him go home.
As officials in Charlotte, N.C., consider when, if, and how to release video of the police shooting of Keith Lamont Scott earlier this week, lawyers for the family have released what they say is eyewitness video taken by Scott's wife.
"Applicant says that 'scientific evidence establishes the wrongfulness' of his conviction. However, an expert report saying that it was too dark and the car was too far away for the eyewitnesses to have seen [Spencer] does not affirmatively establish his innocence," the court said in its opinion. "All it does is attempt to discredit the witnesses who stated that they saw [Spencer] get out of the victim's car."
At the second jury trial, which began on October 27, 2017, the defense called expert witness Dr. Brian Cutler, a psychology researcher from the University of Ontario Institute of Technology. Dr. Cutler explained how the conditions under which the eyewitnesses saw the perpetrator and the manner in which the lineups were conducted increased the risk of mistaken identification. Masterson, now 31 years old, testified that she was not involved in the crime in any way and, instead, during the commission of the murder, she was trying to fix her truck, which was parked nearby. The couple arrested for the murder, who pleaded guilty years ago, testified at the second trial as well. The couple, who admitted they were affiliated with a Chicago street gang, testified that they had lied to the police in implicating Masterson to mitigate their own punishment, and implied that they would have faced violent gang retaliation had they revealed to the police that the third perpetrator was actually a male gang member. The second jury found Masterson not guilty on November 2, 2017, after less than three hours of deliberation.
The study, published in Applied Cognitive Psychology (25:1), is the first to assess adults' ability to detect the credibility of children's statements when they were telling the truth, deliberately lying or misreporting due to misleading suggestions.
Children may make inaccurate statements intentionally, Ceci said, if they have been coached to lie, for example, or unintentionally, perhaps due to suggestive questioning that alters the child's memory. In fact, suggestive interviews in investigations are a primary reason for children's unintentional misreporting, he said.
In the study, 129 college students assessed the credibility of statements made by 24 preschool children after a game of Simon Says. One-third of the children had been urged to deliberately misreport what they did during the game; one-third were asked suggestive questions designed to alter their memory of the events (e.g., they were asked, 'Dori [a stuffed animal] touched your knees, didn't she?' even though that did not happen during the game). The remaining third answered neutral questions.
"Humans are inclined to believe what others tell them; they exhibit a truth bias," Ceci explained. This is a two-edged sword that suggests jurors will believe young children's accurate statements, but they will also tend to believe their inaccurate statements."
On the seventh of this month, he moved with a great part of his forces to within about a quarter of a mile of the walls, and they spread in a line along the whole length of the city walls, which was six miles, from the Cresca gate to the Chinigo.
On the ninth day of April, seeing that nevertheless the faithless Turks would come with their fleet and army, to gain their accursed intention of completely destroying the wretched city of Constantinople, preparations began to be made for this on the harbour side, and so we put along the boom which ran across the harbour nine of the biggest ships which were there and these ships along the length of the boom stretched from Constantinople as far as Pera; they were well armed and in good order, all ready to join battle, and one as good as another. The ships and their masters were as follows:
From the twelfth day of April until the eighteenth day of the same month there was little movement by sea or by land, except the usual bombardment by day and by night, and some skirmishing which the Turks engaged in regularly with those on the walls of the city. They found the Turks coming right up under the walls and seeking battle, particularly the janissaries, who are soldiers of the Turkish Sultan; none of them are afraid of death, but they came on like wild beasts, and when one or two of them were killed, at once more Turks came and took away the dead ones, carrying them on their shoulders as one would a pig, without caring how near they came to the city walls. Our men shot at them with guns and crossbows, aiming at the Turk who was carrying away his dead countryman, and both of them would fall to the ground dead, and then there came other Turks and took them away, none fearing death, but being willing to let ten of themselves be killed rather than suffer the shame of leaving a single Turkish corpse by the walls.
On the eighteenth day of this month of April, a great multitude of Turks came to the walls. This happened at about the second hour of the night, and the skirmish lasted until about the sixth hour of the night, and many Turks died in the fighting. When they came it was dark, and so our men were not expecting their attack; and I cannot describe the cries with which they came at the walls, and the sound of castanets, so that there seemed to be even more Turks than really were there, and the sound carried as far as Anatolia, twelve miles away from their camp. At the sound of this great uproar the sorrowful and grieving emperor began to mourn, fearing lest the Turks should wish to make a general attack that night, because we Christians were not yet ready to withstand it, and this caused him great sorrow. But the Eternal Lord did not wish to allow so great a scandal at this time, and instead, at the sixth hour of the night, a calm fell over all the fighting, with great shame to the heathen, and also to their great loss, because there were killed of them at least two hundred or more, and by the grace of God none of our men were killed, or even wounded.
On the twentieth day of April, at the third hour, there came in sight four large ships, which came up the Dardanelles from the West, and they were believed to be from Genoa, coming to Constantinople to bring help to the city; and also they came by virtue of an order which the Most Serene Emperor of Constantinople gave to the Genoese, that every Genoese ship that came to the help of Constantinople, whatever sort of merchandise it carried, should be freed completely from any customs duty due to the Emperor. These four ships came sailing along with a fresh southerly wind, and were already coming close to the anxious city, but as it pleased God, when they were very near Constantinople, suddenly the wind dropped, and they found themselves in a flat calm. As they lay becalmed, the fleet of Mahomet Bey the Turk, that enemy of the Christian faith, was stirred into great activity, and from where it was anchored by the Columns it came with shouts and sounding of castanets towards the four ships, rowing at full speed, like men expecting to conquer their enemies. But their prayers to their Mahomet were not enough to give them victory, and our Eternal God heard the prayers of us Christians, and we won this battle, as you shall hear from what follows.
As the four ships came along under sail and were becalmed, the Turkish fleet began to move and came in their direction. The Turkish admiral was the first to attack with great energy the stern of the ship of the Emperor of Constantinople, and all the rest of the fleet attacked as hard as they could among all four of the ships; but the galley of the admiral of the Turks never moved its ram from the stern of the Most Serene Emperor, that is from his ship, pressing it hard, with all the rest of the Turkish fleet pressing hard also; and of these four ships one had five galleys around it, another had thirty fuste, and another had forty parandarie, so that the Dardanelles were covered with armed boats, and the water could hardly be seen for the vessels of these evil dogs. The battle lasted between two and three hours, and neither side was victorious, but our four Christian ships won greater honour, because they had had on top of them a hundred and forty-five Turkish ships, and had survived their attack. After they had fought in this fashion, being becalmed, they had to anchor, and they did this near the city of Constantinople, those in the fleet being very fearful lest they should be attacked by night. But the night was a dark one, and we took steps to help the ships: Cabriel Trivixan captain of the two light galleys was sent, with the galley of Zacaria Grioni the knight, and they went outside the boom of the harbour of Constantinople with great activity and sounding of trumpets, and much shouting from the crews, to give the impression to our enemy that it was a much larger fleet than really was there: they had two or three trumpets on each galley, so that there seemed to be at least twenty galleys, and when the Turks heard this noise, they were very frightened, and our two galleys towed the four ships safely inside the harbour of Constantinople. The Turkish fleet of its own accord stayed in its place at the Columns, since the Turks thought that the whole of our fleet might have set out to go to find them. 781b155fdc